Burner for liquid fuel



May 14, 1935. v IPQLD BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan.31', 1933 May 14, 1935. v. lPOLD 2,001,611

BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL Filed Jan. 51, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jiamzzhr:

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Patented May 14, 1935 BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL Victor Ipold, Vienna,Austria, assignor to Technik & Investment A.-G., Vaduz, LiechtensteinApplication January 31, 1933, Serial No. 654,515

In Austria May 12, 1930 Claims. (01. 158-69) The invention relates to avaporizing burner for heating appliances utilizing petroleum or thelike. The burner comprises a vaporizer, a fuel valve for regulating theadmission of fuel to the 5 vaporizer, and a gas nozzle which isconnected .to the vaporizer and ejects the vaporized fuel or gas withwhich it is supplied from the vaporizer. A mixing tube may be providedfor the reception of the gas from the gas nozzle.

The gas nozzle is equipped with a valve which may be the usual needle,for regulating its free sectional area, and mechanism is provided foroperating the needle.

The fuel valve is operated by the usual means, such as a knurled handwheel on its spindle.

It has been found that the sequence in which the needle and the fuelvalve are operated, is important. Gas residues form on the needle in theshape of coke which is very hard when cold and, if the needle isoperated before the vaporizer has been heated, its movement may beobstructed to such an extent by the hard coke that the needle is bent orotherwise damaged, and the gas nozzle does not function properly.Therefore, the needle must only be operated after the gas nozzle hasbecome hot and the coke, if any, on the needle has been softened. Theheating of the gas nozzle is accelerated by placing the upper end of thegas nozzle substantially at the level of the vaporizer.

The needle-operating mechanism is driven by the. means for operating thefuel valve but the connection for driving the mechanism from the meansis so designed that the mechanism is en-- gaged only after the means hasperformed a part of its movement for opening the fuel valve.

By these means, the fuel valve is opened first and the fuel isevaporated in the evaporator and heats the nozzle until its needle canbe operated safely, and only after this condition has been established,the mechanism is engaged and the .needle operated.

Preferably, means are provided for preventing inadvertent operation ofthe mechanism for the needle so that the burner becomes foolproof. Suchmeans may be a member for locking the mechanism against operation whilethe means for operating the fuel valve performs its partial movement,and for releasing the mechanism after such partial movement has beencompleted. If such a locking member is not provided it may occur that anunskilled operator handles the mechanism before the fuel valve isopened, and

bends or damages the needle of the gas nozzle.

A suitable means for connecting the means for operating the fuel valve,and the mechanism for operating the needle, is a stop controlofwellknown type. Such a control not only effects the subsequentoperations of the means for operating the fuel valve, and themechanismfor operating the needle, and the locking and releasing of themechanism, but it also re-acts on the fuelvalve operating means bylimiting the movement of the fuel valve in the direction away from itsseat so that the fuel valve is not screwed out too 7 far and itsstuffing box damaged.

In the old burners of this type, the fuel valv and the needle of the gasnozzle can be operated ating the fuel valve and subsequently operatingthe needle.

The burner is of the kind in which a mixing nozzle disposed aboveavertical gas nozzle is located beneath a mixing cap provided withlateral effective heating flame apertures which cap seats on a vaporizerin the form of a hollow annulus conductively connected with the gasnozzle leaving apertures for jet flames for heating the vaporizer.

Hitherto in such burners the mixing nozzle, consisting of acylindricaltube, as well as the vaporizer annulus were arrangedcomparatively farabove the gas nozzles and the latter were connected tothe annulus by correspondingly long upwardly extending U-tubes so thatthe desired small constructional height of the burner was not obtainednorwas there a small path for the gas nor any adequate heating of thegas nozzle so that the latter became foul too rapidly in consequence ofgas residues.

According tothe invention these disadvantages are wholly avoided in thatthe vaporizer ring is attached as a marginal rim to a short. mixingnozzle which is broadened at the bottom in a cup-like manner and in thatthe vaporizer annulus is connected with the gas nozzle, which forinstance may be arranged in the plane of the annulus, by spoke membersone at least of which is hollow.

By the aforesaid operative connection of the means for operating thefuel valve on the one hand, and the nozzle valve on the other hand, theoperation of the burner is simplified and facilitated so that it may beoperated without risk by any unskilled person.

In the accompanying drawings,'a burner emside wall of the burner frameat the right, and

r the handle for turning the spindle of the fuel valve, removed. I n

Referring now to the drawings, I4 are four feet on which the frame I ofthe burner ismounted.

2 is a hot plate, with a hole l5, which may be detachably placed on, orhinged to, the frame 4.

v3 is staying or bracing plate in the frame which is readily accessiblefor cleaning and inspection after the hot plate 2 has been removed orturned up on its hinge, not'shown. The plate 3 has a hole 4 with adownwardly directed. rim for the reception of acup ID on the vaporizer3. V The cup I and the rim of the hole 4 make up an annular slot 29.

Q15 is a fuel tank for petroleum or other suitable liquid, and 6 is theusual manually operated air pump for placing the fuel in the tank underpressure. 1 is a fuel-supply pipe for the burner. The

V pipe 'I is connected to the tank 5 at one end-and at its other end hasa valve casing II. The fuel valve I6 is formed on theinner endof aspindle l8 and fits a seat where the pipe I is connected to the casingH. I9 is a thread on the spindle which fits in a female thread of thecasing I, 2|)

outer end of the spindle.

is acap nut for packing the spindle in the ca..- ing II, and I1 is aknurled hand wheel on the 8 is the vaporizer already referred to.- It isan annular tube whose bottom is connectedto the valve casing H by a hole8, so that the supply of fuel to thevaporizer 9 from pipe 1 iscontrolled by the valve l6. s a

25 is a mixing tube which is mounted within the circular area defined bythe annular vaporizer 3. The mixing tube is comparatively short andcylindrical, with its'lo'wer end flared tothe inside diameter of thevaporizer 9. Mounted above the upper end of mixing tube 231s an invertedmixing cap 26, with a radially slotted skirt 21 whose lower end 23 isseated on the vaporizer 9 and recessed as shown so as to define flamepassages with the upper face of the vaporizer 9. The mixing cap may bepressed'from anysuitable material, such as talcum magnesite.

Mounted below the mixing tube 25 and co-axially with respect to theburner, is a vertical tube 22. Inserted in the upper end of the tube isthe gas nozzle 2|, with a bore, Fig. 4. The tube 22 is connected to thevaporizer 9 by a tubular stay 12 and a solid stay I 3. The tubularandthe solid stay also serve as heat conductors to the nozzle 2|.

33 is a needle valve which projects into the bore 31 of the gas nozzle2|, 34 isa slidewhich is mounted to reciprocate in the nozzle tube 22,with the needle valve 33 at the upper end of the slide, 36 is a pin on acrank disk 35 which pin engages in a slot of the slide 34, and 23 is aspindle in a packed bearing 24 of the tube 22. The disk 35 1s secured onthe inner end of the spindle. Raising and lowering of the valve 33 is effected by turning the spindle'23 and the free sec- The control mechanismpermits rotation of the with the control mechanism 38, 42 is a recess inthe block 4|, and 43, 44 are slots in the stop 38 which are adapted tobeentered by the pin 40. Fig. 6 shows the parts of the control mechanismin the position in which the spindle 23 of the gas nozzle 2| is lockedagainst operation, as the member which is between the slots 43 and 44,is 7 held against rotation by the solid or non-recessed cylindricalportion of block 4|. When the spindle |8 is turned anti-clockwise by theknurled hand wheel H, the pin 40 on the disk 33, and

ment and opened as wide as required for heating the vaporizer 9' and,through it, the gas nozzle 2|. On the other hand, the spindle 23 cannotbe operated independently of the spindle l8 as it is locked by thecontrol 38. The coke or the like on the needle 33 is softened by theheat before the needle can be moved, and the positive a locking of thespindle 23 renders the apparatus entirely foolproof The operator has toturn only the knurled hand wheel I! for operating the fuel valve as wellas the gas nozzle, and therefore the 1 operation of the burner is assimple as that of the .burners referred to above in which the fuel valvestance, asbestos.

As mentioned, the cup lfl'on the vaporizer 3,

which, by the way, is preferably made of brass sheet-metal, like themixing tube 25, defines a circular slot 23 with the flanged hole 4 inthe plate 3. The flame from the starting cup and air for combustion havefree access through the slot 29. l

In operation, the fuel in the starting cupf3j0 is ignited and, after theburner has been heated thereby, the fuel valve I6 is opened by turningthe hand wheel 11 on the spindle I8 anti-clockwise. Fuel is now admittedto the vaporizer 3 through the hole 8, Fig. 3, and ignited after havingbeen vaporized. The flame now has its full intensity. If it is desiredtohave a less intense action of the flame, the hand wheel I1. is turnedfurther.

anti-clockwise until the pin .on the disk 39 engages in theslot 43 ofthe control mechanism 38 and rotates the stop, causing the spindle 23,through the medium of the needle'valve 33, to restrict the freesectional'area of the nozzle 2|.

The conductor which is' spindle only through I degs. and the rotation ofthe spindle [8 of the fuel valve is restricted correspondingly, so thatthe spindle cannot be screwed out so far as to damage the packing in thecap nut 20, by its thread IS.

The upper end of the gas nozzle 2| is substantially at the level ofvaporizer 9 so that the nozzle is heated rapidly and efliciently afterthe fuel valve l6 has been opened. The mixing tube 25 is of cup-likeshape at the bottom, and the vaporizer 9 is connected to this cup as amarginal rim.

I claim:

1. In a burner for liquid fuel, a vaporizer, a fuel valve for regulatingthe admission of fuel to the vaporizer, means for operating thefuelregulating valve, a gas nozzle for ejecting the fuel which has beenvaporized in the vaporizer, a conduit for conducting fuel vapor from thevaporizer to the nozzle, a valve for regulating the free sectional areaof the nozzle, and mechanism operatively connected to said fuel-valveoperating means for operating said. nozzle-regulating valve and forlimiting the movement of said means when the fuel valve is moved in adirection away from its seat.

2. In a burner for liquid fuel, a vaporizer, a fuel valve for regulatingthe admission of fuel to the vaporizer, means for operating thefuel-regulating valve, a tube, a conduit for conducting fuel vapor fromthe vaporizer to the tube, a nozzle in said tube for discharging vaportherefrom, a valve for regulating the free sectional area of the nozzle,eccentric means for operating said nozzle valve, a spindle for operatingsaid eccentric means which is operatively connected to said fuel-valveoperating means, and a control mechanism comprising a pin and slotmechanism for actuating said nozzle-regulating valve in dependency ofthe fuel valve operating means.

3. In a burner for liquid fuel, a vaporizer, a fuel valve for regulatingthe admission of fuel to the vaporizer, means for operating the fuelregulating valve, a gas nozzle for ejecting the fuel which has beenvaporized in the vaporizer, which nozzle is arranged with its upper endsubstantially at the level of said vaporizer, a conduit for conductingfuel vapor from the vaporizer to the gas nozzle, a valve for regulatingthe free sectional area of the nozzle, and mechanism opera ativelyconnected to said fuel valve operating means for operating said nozzleregulating valve and for limiting the movement of said means when thefuel valve is moved in a direction awa from its seat.

4. In a burner for liquid fuel, a mixing tube having a cup-like shape atthe bottom thereof, an annular vaporizer connected to the mixing tube asa marginal rim, a fuel valve for regulating the admission of fuel to thevaporizer, means for operating the fuel regulating valve, a gas nozzlefor ejecting the fuel which has been vaporized in the vaporizer, aconduit for conducting fuel vapor from the vaporizer to the gas nozzle,a valve for regulatingthe free sectional area of the nozzle, andmechanism operatively connected to said fuel valve operating means foroperating said nozzle regulating valve and for limiting the movement ofsaid means when the fuel valve is moved in a direction away from itsseat.

5. In a burner for liquid fuel, a vaporizer, a fuel valve for regulatingthe admission of fuel to the vaporizenmeans for operating the fuelregulating valve, a gas nozzle for ejecting the fuel g

